Investigating the Volume of a Drop Essay

Criteria: – Planning (a) – Planning (b) – Data Collection – Data Processing and Presentation – Conclusion and evaluation Laura Hu Lab Partner: Tu Tai Kuong Started January 20, 07 Completed January 27, 07 5 pages + raw data Planning (a) and (b) Objective: To accurately measure the volume of a drop of water and saturated salt water under two set temperatures. Hypothesis: Since the mass of a substance changes as the temperature changes, we believe that the volume of a liquid would change as temperature changes. This is because we know that density is equal to mass divided by volume. Density is different depending on its temperature and mass is constant. Therefore, with a difference in temperature, there will be a difference in volume. The second thing we predict is that salt water will have a smaller volume per drop than water. This is because the density of salt water and the mass of salt water will be greater than normal water due to the added salt in the water. This will make it heavier than regular water.. Independent Variables: Forces affecting the drop as it is about to come down (gravity and shaking of hand) Where to drop lands (may land on the sides of the beaker, making the drop stick to the sides instead of dropping to the bottom) Water evaporation Atmospheric pressure Dropping device type (diameter of the place where the drop will come out) Height from which the droplet will be dropped (prevent splashing) Saturation of salt water Number of drops that will be tested Loss or increase in heat while conducting the experiment Dependent Variables: Temperature of the liquids The type of liquid Materials: 2 Eye Droppers 2 Thermometers 2 Graduated cylinders (0.5ml increments) Microwave Refrigerator (set at 1 degree Celsius) Paper towels Saturated salt water (table salt dissolved into water at room temperature until it cannot dissolve anymore) Nestle Pure Life natural spring water (bottled water) 4 Styrofoam cups 1 Procedures: 1. Prepare a data table with columns named â€Å"Start volume†, â€Å"End Volume†, â€Å"Difference† and â€Å"Volume per drop†. Example: Start volume End Volume Difference Volume per drop 2. Put bottled water two Styrofoam cups. Take one of the cups and add table salt in it. Mix it until the salt will not dissolve any longer. Put both cups in the fridge. Set the fridge to 1 degree Celsius. Leave them there overnight. 3. The next day, take out the salt water and mix it again to make sure it is saturated. Put the Styrofoam cup containing the salt water into a second Styrofoam cup. 4. Take an eye dropper, fill the eye dropper with salt water 5. Take the graduated cylinder and position it so that the end of the eyedropper is 2cm from the bottom of the graduated cylinder. Record the start volume of the liquid inside the cylinder (0 cm in this case). 6. Slowly drop 10 drops into the cylinder, maintaining a 1 cm distance between the liquid and the end of the eyedropper. Record the volume. Dispose of the remaining water inside the dropper. Fill the dropper again with salt water. Drop 10 drops into the cylinder. Make sure to carefully count every drop! Record the end volumes. 7. Repeat step 5 five times. 8. Clean out the graduated cylinder using tap water, and use paper towels to dry it clean. 9. Put the salt water back into the fridge. 10. Take out the cold water (from the fridge), put it in another Styrofoam cup and repeat what you did in step 5-8. 11. Put the water in the microwave and heat it at high power for 1 minute. 12. Take it out, stir the water, measure the temperature (and write it down) and use the water to do steps 5-8 again. 13. Take the salt water out, microwave it at high power for 1 minute. 14. Repeat what you did in step 12 for the salt water. 15. Clean everything up. Data Collection Attached to the back of the lab. 2 Data Processing and Presentation Difference = End volume – start volume Ex. End volume = 2.11ml, start volume = 2.00ml 2.11ml – 2.00ml = 0.11 ml = difference Volume per drop = Difference / 10 Ex. Difference = 0.11ml 0.11ml/10 = 0.011ml = Volume per drop Cold bottled water at 0.5+ 0.02 degrees Celsius Star Volume End Volume Difference Volume per Drop 2.00ml 2.11ml 0.11ml 0.011 ml 2.11 ml 2.29 ml 0.18 ml 0.018 ml 2.29 ml 2.49 ml 0.20 ml 0.020 ml 2.61 ml 2.80 ml 0.19 ml 0.019 ml 2.80 ml 2.98 ml 0.18 ml 0.018 ml Average volume per drop: (0.011+0.018+0.020+0.018) / 5 = 0.0134ml Rounded: 0.013 ml Uncertainty: + 0.02 / 10 = + 0.002ml Volume per drop = 0.011ml to 0.015ml Cold saturated salt water at 0.5 + 0.02 degrees Celsius Star Volume End Volume Difference Volume per Drop 2.00 ml 2.12 ml 0.12 ml 0.012 ml 2.12 ml 2.30 ml 0.18 ml 0.018 ml 2.30 ml 2.41 ml 0.11 ml 0.011 ml 2.41 ml 2.60 ml 0.19 ml 0.019 ml 2.60 ml 2.71 ml 0.11 ml 0.011 ml Average volume per drop: (0.012+0.018+0.011+0.019+0.011) / 5 = 0.0142 ml Rounded: 0.014 ml Uncertainty: + 0.02 / 10 = + 0.002ml Volume per drop = 0.012ml to 0.016ml Warm bottled water at 38 + 0.5 degrees Celsius Star Volume End Volume Difference Volume per Drop 2.00 ml 2.11 ml 0.11 ml 0.011 ml 2.10 ml 2.30 ml 0.20 ml 0.020 ml 2.30 ml 2.45 ml 0.15 ml 0.015 ml 2.45 ml 2.60 ml 0.15 ml 0.015 ml 2.60 ml 2.81 ml 0.21 ml 0.015 ml Average volume per drop: (0.011+0.020+0.015+0.015+0.015) / 5 = 0.0152 ml 3 Rounded: 0.015ml Uncertainty: + 0.02 / 10 = + 0.002ml Volume per drop = 0.013ml to 0.017ml Warm saturated salt water at 38 + 0.5 degrees Celsius Star Volume End Volume Difference Volume per Drop 2.00 ml 2.10 ml 0.10 ml 0.010 ml 2.10 ml 2.31 ml 0.21 ml 0.021 ml 2.21 ml 2.34 ml 0.13 ml 0.013 ml 2.34 ml 2.49 ml 0.15 ml 0.015 ml 2.60 ml 2.71 ml 0.11 ml 0.011 ml Average volume per drop: (0.010+0.021+0.013+0.015+0.011) / 5 = 0.014ml Uncertainty: + 0.02 / 10 = + 0.002ml Volume per drop = 0.012ml to 0.016ml Conclusion and Evaluation Our experiment tested two variables (the type of liquid and the temperature) and how they affected the volume of a drop. From our experiment, there is a slight difference between the volume of bottled water and the volume of salt water, so therefore it proves that the volume of a drop is dependant on the type of liquid we use. I also hypothesized that salt water would contain a smaller volume per drop than bottled water. This hypothesis was disproved in the experiment. We found that the volume of a drop of bottled water at 0.5 degrees Celsius is 0.01ml less than the volume of a drop of saturated salt water at 0.5 degrees Celsius. For our experiment, we couldn’t prove that temperature affected the temperature affects the volume of a liquid because the volume of a drop of our bottled water increased by 0.02ml while the volume of a drop of warm saturated salt water remained exactly the same. Quite unexpectantly, we discovered that a drop of bottled water is greater in volume than a drop of salt water after they’re heated up to 38 degrees Celsius. All our data, however is only true IF we disregard the series of lab errors that may have altered the results. Here is the list of lab errors: Lab Errors: 1. Every drop that comes out of the eyedropper is a result of gravity pulling the drop of water out of the eyedropper opening. Because the force of gravity is constant, we can assume that every drop has the same volume, unless there was another force involved. This other force is the shaking of the hand holding the eyedropper. To prevent this, we first planned to tape the eyedropper to a ring stand. This way it would stay motionless so that no other force except gravity would act on every individual drop. Unfortunately, the eyedropper was not long enough to reach far enough into the graduated cylinder, therefore we held the eye dropped ourselves while dropping the liquids. For this reason, the shaking of our hand may have affected the results of our data. 4 2. To prevent liquids from splashing onto the sides of the graduated cylinder, we decided to make every drop 1 cm above the liquid inside the cylinder. This would prevent each drop from making the water splash too much. 3. Since we couldn’t use the ring stand, the drops may have gotten stuck to the sides of the graduated cylinder because we couldn’t guarantee that the eyedropper was held vertically over the water. Even if we did make sure it was vertically straight, our hands might have shook, flinging the drop so that it would hit the side. 4. Water evaporation may have occurred when we were performing the lab, so before recording the data for 10 drops, there may have been a little bit of water that had evaporated so each drop is actually slightly bigger than what we had recorded. 5. We are not 100 percent sure that we counted the correct number of drops because there seems to be a few trials that had an unusually large volume compared to the other trials. This may have also been because the water stuck to the sides of the graduated cylinder came down and added to the volume of one trial. 6. Since the graduated cylinder we used only went up in 0.5ml increments, we had to estimate the 0.01ml values. Our data may be off by 0.01 or 0.02ml (thus a + 0.02ml error). 7. Atmospheric pressure affects the results slightly. This is something we cannot control, however we did the entire in a short period of time, so the atmospheric pressure should have been somewhat the same during that period of time. 8. We couldn’t make sure that NO heat would be lost or gained when we took the cold water from out of the fridge or when we took it out of the microwave. We insulated the water with 2 Styrofoam cups, but even that couldn’t make sure that no heat would be gained or lost. Also, water would lose or gain heat as we are dropping each drop, or when it is sitting in the graduated cylinder, waiting to be measured and recorded. For this reason, each drop may be a little bigger or smaller in volume than our recorded values. 9. We tried to control the saltiness of the salt water by making it saturated salt water. To do this, we put much more salt than is needed to saturate the water, into the container. We stirred until no more salt was dissolved, or so it seemed. We couldn’t be absolutely sure that the water was saturated because maybe the salt was just dissolving more slowly, but it was still being dissolved. 10. When we were heating up the water inside salt water, we still had a little bit of salt left on the bottom.. This may have caused a problem because when we wanted saturated water, we wanted it saturated at 0.5 degrees. After we heat the salt water, it wouldn’t be saturated anymore, so more salt would be able to be dissolved into the solution. This means that the salt water after getting heated was slightly saltier than before it was heated.

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No preference - Coursework Example However, the level of technology has led to interpretation of the constitution into simple terms changing the original meaning. The development of the translational corporation for the last decades indicates how the power has shifted away from sovereignty in nations that have embraced technology. The mass media has caused a lot of influence on democracy. Some magazines and television stations criticize the behaviors of political leaders. Gone are the days when the reporters could not talk about political leaders without facing punishment. The advancement in technology will continue influencing the constitution. In future, rules of voting will change. Citizens may never vote through the ballot box. Elections will take place through the internet and voters will cast their votes online. All citizens will have a freedom of posting their criticism about some behaviors in the internet. A constitution plays a leading role in every country. However, rules and regulation differs in each country. It is very difficult for an individual to rule out that which is a majoritys agreement. Therefore, being a citizen in a particular country one has to adhere to the rules and regulations governing that country (Stone & Marshal, 2015) Different country support death penalty for murderers while others support life imprisonment. However, criminal regulations depend on the constitution of the state. Much as death penalty may seem unfair to the offender, it is advantageous as it helps curb murder

Marketing an Introduction Essay Example for Free

Marketing an Introduction Essay Micro environment Marketing management their job is to build strong relationships with customers by creating customer value and satisfaction. But marketing managers cannot do this alone. Marketing success will require building relationships with other company departments, suppliers , marketing intermediaries , customers , competitors and various publics. The company Marketing managers must work closely with other company departments. Other departments have an impact on the marketing departments plans and actions. All of these functions must â€Å"think consumer†. Suppliers Suppliers form an important link in the company’s overall customer value delivery system. They provide the resources needed by the company to produce its goods and services. Supplier problems can seriously affect marketing. Rising supply costs may force price increases that can harm the company’s sales volume. Marketers build strong relationships with its suppliers. Marketing intermediaries Marketing intermediaries help the company to promote , sell and distribute its products to final buyers. Includes resellers , physical distribution firms , marketing services agencies and financial intermediaries. * Resellers : distribution channel firms that help the company find customers or make sales for them. These include wholesalers and retailers who buy and resell merchandise. * Physical distribution firms : Help the company to stock and move goods from their points of origin to their destinations. * Marketing services agencies : Marketing research firms , advertising agencies , media firms , and marketing consulting firms. * Financial intermediaries : Banks , credit companies , insurance companies and other financial institutions or insurance institutions against the risks associated with the buying and selling of goods. Today’s marketers know the importance of working with their intermediaries as partners. Competitors A company must provide greater customer value and satisfaction than its competitors do. Marketers need to do more than simply adapt to the needs of their customers. You need a strategy as a firm. Publics Public is any group that has an actual or potential interest in or impact on an organization’s ability to achieve its objectives. There are seven types of publics 1) Financial publics : This group influences the company’s ability to obtain funds 2) Media publics : This group carries news , features and editorial opinion. 3) Government publics : Management must take government developments into account. (Product safety , truth in advertising and other matters) 4) Citizen-action public : A company’s marketing decisions may be questioned by consumer organizations , environmental groups , minority groups and others. PR can help to stay in touch with consumers and citizen groups 5) Local publics : Relation with neighborhood residents and community organizations. 6) General public : The general public and their opinions and the company and their products 7) Internal publics : Workers , managers , volunteers and the board of directors. Customers Customers are the most important actors in the company’s micro environment. The main point is to serve the consumer and make them your customer. 1) Consumer market : Households and individuals 2) Business market :buy goods or services for further processing. 3) reseller markets : Buy goods or services to resell it at a profit 4) Government markets : Buy goods or services to produce publics services or transfer the goods to those who need them. 5) International markets : Buyers in other countries could be consumers , business , resellers and governments. Macro environment External factors that may be a threat to a company. There are 6 macro environmental elements: Demographic Demography is the study of human populations in terms of size , density , location , age , gender , race , occupation and other statistics. Demography has a huge impact on marketing because it involves people and people make up markets. The world ‘s large and highly diverse population poses both opportunities and challenges. Marketers have to keep a close watch on the demographic trends and developments in their markets , at home and abroad. Generations : * Baby boomers : Born between 1946-1964. One of the most powerful forces shaping the marketing environment. They have had many good years but now with a sharp decline in stock prices and home values , many baby boomers are now spending more carefully and planning to work longer. * Generation X : Born between 1965-1976. They lie in the shadow of the baby boomers. Not materialistic. First generation of parental divorce and working moms. â€Å"The MTV generation†. They are spending more carefully. Many companies are focusing one Generation X als target segment. * Millennials/Generation Y : Born between 1977-2000 This group includes several age cohorts Tweens (9-12) Teens (13-18) Young adults (19-32) With a big purchase power they are an attractive market for business. This generation is fluent with the digital technology. They don’t embrace technology , it is a way of life. Generational Marketing : Do marketers have to make different products for each generation ? Defining people by their birthdate may be less effective than segmenting them by their lifestyle , life stage or the common values they seek in products they buy. The traditional household has disappeared and marketers must increasingly consider the special needs of non-traditional households , because they are now growing more rapidly than traditional households. Each group has distinctive needs and buying habits. Geographic shifts : People move all the time. Such population shifts interest marketers because people in different regions buy differently. (Migration from North to South , East to West , City to suburban areas etc) Better educated population : The rising number of well educated people will increase the demand for quality products , books , magazines, travel , personal computers and internet services. Increasing diversity : Countries vary in their ethnic and racial make up. One nation has just one culture and another nation has loads of cultures within their own culture. Marketers have to take that in account nowadays. They make products to one or more groups. But it can also be differences in your sexual orientation that marketers take in account. Another diversity segment is for adults with disabilities. Marketers take advantage of opportunities in fast growing segments. Economic Environment Consists of factors that affect consumer purchasing power and spending patterns. Marketers must pay close attention to major trends and consumer spending patterns. Nations vary greatly in their levels and distribution of income. Some countries have industrial economies , which constitute rich markets for many different kinds of goods. Subsistence economies : They consume most of their own agricultural and industrial goods. In between are developing economies which can offer outstanding marketing oppurtunities for the right kind of products. Changes in income and spending : People could spend loads of money until the economic crisis showed up. The economic meltdown has been psychologically wrenching after a quarter century of prosperity. People live back to basic and adopted their lifestyle , and their spending pattern. Marketers are now trying to give people good quality for a good and fair price. Marketers should pay attention to income distribution as well as income levels. Changing consumer spending patterns : Consumers of different income levels have different spending patterns. Engel’s law : When the income increases , the percentage spent on food declines , the percentage spent on housing remains constant and the percentage spent on most other categories and that devoted to savings increase. Natural Environment Involves the natural resources that are needed as inputs by marketers or that are affected by marketing activities. Environmental concerns have grown the last three decades. Global warming is a hot issue. Marketers should be aware of several trends in the natural environment. First involves growing shortages of raw material such as water pollution and air pollution. Second is increased pollution : The industry will amost always damage the quality of the natural environment ( Chemical and nuclear wastes) Third trend is increased government intervention in natural resource management. One government cares more than the other. Today companies are developing strategies and practices that support environmental sustainability an effort to create a world economy that the planet can support indefinitely. The consumer responds with an increasing demand for environmental responsible products. Other companies are developing recyclable or biodegradable packaging , recycled materials and components , better pollution controls , and more energy-efficient operations. Technological environment The technological environment is perhaps the most dramatic force now , shaping our destiny. Technology has created miracles with medicines , surgery , electronics and internet. But also horrors as nuclear weapons m chemical weapons and assault rifles. The technological environment changes rapidly. New technologies creates new markets and opportunities. However every new technology replaces an old one. Marketers should keep themselves up to date or soon their products will be outdated. As products and technology become more complex , the public needs to know that these are safe. Thus the government agencies investigate and ban potentially unsafe products. Political and Social Environment Marketing decisions are strong affected by developments in the political environment. It consists laws , government agencies and pressure groups that influence or limit various organizations and individuals in a given society

Sexual behavior Essay Example for Free

Sexual behavior Essay Many do not know that as a child is growing up they have normal childhood sexual behaviors even as a baby. Today we are going to discuss the different stages of childhood sexual behaviors. Â  The first stage that will be discussed is infancy(0-2). Young infants discover the joys of self- stimulation. Many can see that as they change their baby or maybe washing a baby that when the wash the genital area the baby will either laugh or smile with enjoyment. This is actually very normal to happen. Young babies may also begin to do a pelvis thrust which has been observed with infants of the monkey and ape species and has also been observed in humans. It has been noted that baby boys as young as 5 months can so behaviors that resemble an orgasm and females are able to have behaviors the resemble an orgasm as young as 4 months. It has also been stated that children will begin to masturbate as early has 5 months. The next stage that will be discussed is early childhood (3-8). When it comes to the data on children and their sexual behavior it is mostly all a speculation because not many want to talk about their children and their sexual behavior or just that they may not see certain things as sexual behavior. One study that was done was with question mother of over 1,000 children and question like does your child masturbate was not asked more question such as does you r child does private area when they are home is asked. The study showed that about 42% of boys touch or try to touch breast and for girl the percentage is about 43%. About 60% of boys touch privates when at home and about 43% females. Then about 26% of boys try to look at people when they are either nude or undressing and also about 26% for females. The next stage is preadolescence (9-13). A report that was done around the 1950s by Kinsey and his colleague’s states that masturbation is the main source for sexual orgasm at the preadolescence stage for females and males. The study states that about 51% of males and 15% of females have masturbated by the age of 13. Also this is the stage that sexual education is being learned. Many times when asking one where they have learned information about sex from they would state that it was from their friends or from a media source. The next stage that will be discussed is adolescence. In the stage of adolescence come puberty and with puberty there comes a change of hormones and hormone levels that causes one to want to be more sexual active. Also at this stage one is trying to discover what their sexual orientation is. As growing up we are able to see what sex one is attracted to and what to do more things with. Here is the stage where many will engage in sexual intercourse and the risk of getting STI’s and pregnant becomes greater.

Human Rights as a Global Issue

Human Rights as a Global Issue This essay will aim to explain and describe human rights, how it was recognised and how it is rapidly becoming a global issue in various countries. The essay will also go further to discuss Bentham’s theory relating to human rights and analyse the values of human rights with and without laws to protect them. Firstly, according to MM Wallace and Martin-Ortega â€Å"human rights are regarded as those fundamental and inalienable rights essential for life as a human being.†[1] Human rights are known to be the fundamental rights that belong to all and as such everyone is entitled to have these rights. There have been different ideas on human rights over past centuries; however it received international support as a result of the holocaust and the Second World War. As a result of this, the United Nation adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 which sets out to protect human rights in various countries, to create awareness to individuals, to serve as a benchmark, to educate individuals on their rights, to serve as a political tool. There are different bodies under the United Nations that manage the affairs of human rights and these are the Human Rights committee, the Human rights commission which was replaced by the Human rights council. These bodies enforce and aim to maintain human rights laws in different countries to a certain extent. There are three different human right laws which are enforced and monitored in different ways; these are the international law, the regional law and the domestic law. According to the oxford dictionary international law â€Å"is a body of rules established by custom or treaty recognised by nations as binding in their relations with one another.†[2]The international law protects human rights globally and it consists of treaties and conventions such as International Convention on Civil and Political Rights, the United Nations Convention on Rights of a Child and the United Nations Convention against Torture. Apart from international law, the regional law is also used to protect rights and it consists of home-group treaties such as the European Convention on Human Rights, the African Charter on Human and People’s Rights and the American Convention on Human rights. Other than this, there is also domestic law that also serve the same purpose as the international and regional laws. Many countries have their own domestic human rights legislation which sets out to protect the rights of the citizens. For example, the United Kingdom has the Human Rights Act 1998 which came into force on 2nd October 2000. Looking at the points made above, it is clear to see that these laws support and implement human rights. Human rights are essential but without the law they have no real values. According to Bentham’s theory; he states that â€Å"natural rights are simple nonsense: natural and imprescriptible right, rhetorical nonsense- nonsense upon stilts.†[3] Bentham was stating that natural rights are nonsense because he believes that rights are things that cannot be seen and if these so called rights cannot be seen then the existence of them is actually unknown. He also goes further to explain that human rights are given to individuals by the sovereign because it is the sovereign that makes the laws and therefore the laws should back up human rights, so in essence human rights have to exist with the law or without it, it is valueless. In addition to this, human rights need to have laws to guide them so as to avoid infringement upon individual’s rights by the government which may lead to conflict and dispute which could eventually escalate to war. Furthermore international law can protect rights through the use of international trade. In international trade there are sanctions that are given to some countries that violate the human rights laws and these are known as embargos, tariffs and quotas. An embargo is the complete prohibition against importing foreign goods into the country while the tariffs are taxes that are placed on imported goods in a country. The quotas are limits on the amount of a particular good that should be imported into a country. The embargo is the most commonly used sanction for states that go against the law and it has proven to be effective to a certain extent. The embargos are imposed by the UN or the EU; examples of countries that have been embargoed from the United States are North Korea, Syria, Cuba, Iran, Somalia, Sudan and Libya. Although one can see that law is really needed to protect human rights but international law can be criticised. International law is ineffective and inefficient to a certain extent because there are still reports on the infringement on human rights in different countries. An example is North Korea where human rights are being abused; this shows that even with the existence of international law and the United Nations some countries can ignore the laws since it is non-legal bound and a good example of international law is the UDHR (Universal Declaration of Human Rights). Apart from this, international law is difficult to enforce as a result of the non-legal bound factor and therefore this will prove a difficult task for the United Nations. Another demerit of international law is that some sanctions that are imposed on some countries do not affect them. The embargo which is a form of sanction does not affect some powerful countries because without trade these countries can still survive and grow with their resources. Human rights can also be valued without the implementation of the law; Bentham explains that human rights are just ideas but nevertheless they are there and they are recognised by the United Nations. The knowledge of these rights has real values in the sense that the citizens of a country can pressure the government into giving them their rights since they are aware of it. This act which can be viewed as rebellion against the government can either be carried out by interest groups or pressure groups. The student room article explained that â€Å"pressure groups are organised groups of people who come together, usually outside of the government, with a common cause with the intention of influencing government policy and public opinion.†[4] The statement above shows that pressure group are groups of individuals that come together to pursue a common interest in the society. Pressure group is essential in every democratic society because it represents and promotes the principle of freedom of speech and freedom of association inherent in democratic settings. Fagan states â€Å"the expression of opinions and views is widely considered a fundamental attribute of individual freedom.†[5] Pressure groups adopt different methods to promote their interests and these are lobbying, campaign, strike, protest and boycott. One of the major benefits of pressure groups is that it promotes democratic principles of freedom of speech therefore allowing individuals to express their opinions. Apart from this, another benefit is that it promotes democratic principles of criticism which indirectly checks the power of the government. However pressure groups have been known to be very destructive, especially during the period of direct action such as a protest and this can eventually lead to retrogression in the society. Not only can this happen but it can also lead to civil war whereby a considerable number of citizens will be killed. In addition to this, human rights that have no law to support them have its disadvantages. One of which is the fact that the government can still infringe on the citizen’s human rights even if they attempt to rebel against the government. An example of a country where such act can be seen is Syria; in Syria a civil war has occurred because of the uprising against the regime of the president Bashar al- Assad in March 2011. The Syrian civil war is also a part of the Arab spring uprisings in the Middle East. The Arab spring can be said to be the media term for a revolutionary wave of violent and non-violent demonstrations such as protest, riots and civil war in the Arab world. T he Arab spring which is still a global issue in the modern world has also been able to prove that without law to protect human rights it has no real values. In conclusion, human rights have no real values without the law to protect it. Referring back to the points made, it can be seen that having the knowledge of these rights are not substantial because human rights abuse will still occur but if the law is implemented, human rights can still be protected to a certain limit showing that with law human rights have real values. 1 [1] Wallace MM R. Martin- Ortega O, INTERNATIONAL LAW, 7TH EDITION, 2013, Sweet and Maxwell [pg 240] [2] INTERNATIONAL LAW, www.oxforddictionaries.com [accessed 19th February, 2014] [3] George H. Smith, Jeremy Bentham’s attack on Natural rights, June 26 2012, www.libertarianism.org [accessed 18th February, 2014] [4] THE STUDENT ROOM, PRESSURE GROUP,www.thestudentroom.co.uk [accessed 19th February, 2014] [5] Fagan A, THE ATLAS OF HUMAN RIGHTS, Myriad editions, 2010, Earthscan Ltd, [pg 40]

Fixing A Computer :: essays research papers

Fixing A Computer   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fixing computers is easy. The paragraphs to follow contain information on labeling parts, problems, and repairing vs. fixing. In these paragraphs will also compare a computer to the human circulatory system.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The internal parts of computers are very easy to recognize, once they are labeled. We will start by opening the case into the computer. Before opening the case don’t forget to have the computer turned off and unplugged, we don’t want to fry the computer parts. Once inside, we have a look around, and see a lot of parts that are unrecognizable to us. We will start from a top to bottom process of labeling parts. First look towards the bottom the big green board that everything else lies on is called the motherboard. A motherboard acts like the arteries of a human taking the blood all over allowing the blood places to travel, except the motherboard does this with electrical signals. The motherboard has three cards on it; they are the graphics card, sound card, and modem. They act like the voice, the eyes and the mouth of a human. You can tell the difference between them by how they connect in the back of the computer. The graphics card has a prong plug i n, the sound card has a place where speaker plugs can go and modems have a place where you can put your phone line. Next to the left of the cards we see there is a little chip with a fan on top, this is the processor. The processor acts like the heart of a human sending blood all over the body, but instead of blood the processor sends electrical signals. Straight above the processor in the little slot is the hard drive. The hard drive acts kind of like the brain of the whole computer, by storing information on it and sending and receiving electrical signals. Finally we have the cd-rom. This is located above the hard drive. The cd-rom is the mouth of the human. But the cd-rom takes in data instead of food. Next on the motherboard is three little chips, sitting next to the processor, these are called Random Access Memory, or RAM. The ram acts like the quick storage in the brain it remembers the stuff that you are working on right then. There now that we know the computers insides, I will give examples of problems and explain how to fix them.

Children Are Too Young to Vote :: Argumentative Persuasive Argument Essays

Children Are Too Young to Vote On February 22, 2004, I finally turned 18. I was an adult. I was supposed to be responsible. I had rights I never had before. And I was old enough to make my own decisions. Although I passed up buying cigarettes, joining the military, and getting a tattoo, I did embrace the chance to vote. I remember walking into the town hall for the first time, filling out my voting card, and feeling the sense of adulthood. When I was sitting there voting I realized how little I actually knew about the candidates. I soon learned these new freedoms and privileges I had should not be taken lightly. Wallace proposal In the essay, â€Å"Give children the vote,† (1998) the author, Vita Wallace argues for the rights of children. Basing her argument on opinion, Wallace presents her own life to explain the gist of her argument. Being a 16 year old, Wallace shares her points of view from this stage in her life, the stage where she is not quite an adult, but feels like she is. Wallace is upset with the lack of freedom given to children, and her claim is focused on children voting. â€Å"What I suggest is that children be allowed to grow into their own right to vote at whatever rate suits them individually,† Wallace states (1998, p.145). In fact, Wallace believes she would have been ready to vote when she was 8 or 9, maybe even sooner. Problems with the proposal Wallace’s voting proposal will not work for several reasons. My own personal story is a prime example why this freedom should not be taken lightly. Even at age 18 I did not realize what voting entailed and the importance in responsibility carried with the freedom to vote. Watching the news, reading the newspapers, and keeping updated on the latest debates was not my cup of tea. Research needs to be done to have adequate knowledge to vote. By voting, we are literally choosing who will run our country, our state, and our city. I was scared to think of this responsibility when I was 18. I could not imagine an eight year old making those decisions. Putting the future into the hands of children 17 years old and younger will not make the situation better.

Moore’s Proposed Proof for an External World :: Philosophy Literature Essays

Moore’s Proposed Proof for an External World In his â€Å"Proof of an External World†, Moore puts forth several supported hypotheses in regards to the nature of the existence of things outside the self. Primarily, Moore discusses hands; his argument is that if he can produce two hands then it follows logically that two hands must exist. Furthermore, Moore puts forth the theory that if hands exist then this alone is proof of an external world. In opposition to Moore’s opinions will be found three main arguments: firstly that all of Moore’s evidence is based upon sensory input, secondly that the truth of one fact based on the truth of another fact forms an Epistemic Circle in this case, and finally that the evidence out forth by Moore, even if proved, does not necessarily prove the fact that he is attempting to prove. Moore’s â€Å"Proof of an External World† is based on the fact that he has two hands. Moore’s argument for the existence of these hands is as follows: I can prove now, for instance, that two human hands exist. How? By holding up my two hands, and saying, as I make a certain gesture with the right hand, >Here is one hand=, and adding, as I make a certain gesture with the left, >and here is another=. And if, by doing this, I have proved ipso facto the existence of external things, you will all see that I can also do it now in numbers of other ways: there is no need to multiply examples.1 Moore’s evidence for the existence of hands is based entirely upon data received from the senses, yet in no way at any time does Moore even put forth any proof in support of the assumption that his senses are indeed functioning correctly and are not in fact deceiving him. Take for example the argument put forth by Descartes that reads as follows: I will suppose therefore that not God, who is supremely good and the source of truth, but rather some malicious demon of the utmost power and cunning has employed all his energies in order to deceive me. I shall think that the sky, the air, the earth, colours, shapes, sounds and all external things are merely the delusions of dreams which he has devised to ensnare my judgment.

Ethical Business Dilema

Ethical Dilemma Analysis through the 8 questions model by Arthur Dobrin Case 1 – Rental Applicant 1. Facts †¢African-American applicant †¢Stable work history †¢More than enough income to cover the rent †¢Good references from their previous landlord †¢A couple with one young son (Family) †¢Before applicants accepted, rental agent should have done a background check as a standard procedure. 2. Facts we don’t know †¢Verifications of facts – conduct a cross check oWhether or not the facts provided by the applicant are true ? Income – Salary Statement ?References from landlord – Written letter/call Work History – Stable/Unstable work experience †¢Applicants behavior/habit – past rental history oWhether or not they like to break lease or skip town – leave an unpaid rent †¢The reason for postponing the application oWhat does Kate mean by saying â€Å"in my experience†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ whether i t’s actually because of her experience dealing with application or racial discrimination. 3. Facts Interpretation †¢Stable work history ? stable – whether they have work long time or not (cross-check credential) †¢A family more likely to be more settled in one place compare to single status individual. A good reference from previous landlord means that the applicant has a good record of being a good tenant. †¢Have more than enough income means that the applicant has the capability to fulfill its obligation of paying the rent. 4. Walk in another’s shoes (problem viewed from others that involved) †¢Kate might give a stereotype view of the African-American applicant 5. Consequences †¢If we don’t take them : oWe might lose a good tenant oWe might lose our business opportunity oWe might build a strict image to prospective customer †¢If we take them : oThere’s a possibility that we end up having a default rent 6. Feelings †¢Megan Perspective : â€Å"Look very good† for their application †¢Kate Perspective : â€Å"Don’t rush their application† – having negative perception †¢Our Perspective : According to our feeling and in combination with the facts given (provided it is true), plus we can also try to determine based on the intuition from the body language given by the applicant, most likely we will accept the applicant. 7. Conscience †¢Yes ? Provided the documents are true. †¢No ? Provided the documents are false. Verification whether the documents are true or false can be done by cross-checking the credential and/or validating the facts. . Explanation and Justification †¢In making decision, it should not be based on personal needs/views or simply intuition/feelings, it should also be based on neutral judgment from the facts given and validation. Given the normal standard procedure that needs to be fulfilled from the background check o f the applicant and by checking thoroughly throughout the facts, the rental agents should be able to make a decision. Case 2 – Sabotage: Menu Not serving the interest of customers fully (by pushing other menu instead). By using healthy food as a bait strategy to attract customers, according to ‘Dave’. . Facts †¢Food is healthy, but the quantity is limited. †¢Coming up with a new menu. †¢Huge expenditure on advertisement. 2. Facts we don’t know †¢Whether the food which is ‘healthy’ is actually healthy. †¢Assumption whether this strategy will last for a long time. †¢Whether or not people will buy fast food even though the menu is being pushed. 3. Facts Interpretation †¢New ‘healthy’ menu was launched by the company to response the public pressure for healthier lunch choices, thus by having new menu, many money involved to train and advertise the new menu. New menu launched priced lower to bring new customers, thus there will be an effect on the company’s profit. †¢The objective of the business is to make money for the shareholders, thus the business need to make profit. Hence, most likely agency problem would occur, which refers to the ethical dilemma between the shareholder interest and the CEO interest. †¢Dave, the store manager, wanted the staff to push the ‘upsize’ menu options and ice creams for dessert, which this refers to an issue of sabotage. 4. Walk in another’s shoes (problem viewed from others that involved) †¢According to Carol, the manager is more inclined towards his own profit. According to Dave it is fast to maximize the profit and his own commission. †¢According to customer, they might be cheated into buying unhealthy food. 5. Consequences †¢By agreeing to Dave, the profit might be higher in the short term, whereas by going against Dave, the company might lose out on the profit. But by keeping the reputatio n of the company, it will help in the long-term profitability. †¢She might lose her own position if she does not agree to Dave plan. †¢But if she doesn’t want to lose her job, then most likely she will have her personal issue. 6. Feelings If she agrees to Dave, she will be safe, but if she goes against him, she might lose her job. (personal dilemmas) 7. Conscience †¢In order to save the job, Carol might let her inner conscience take the back seat, because this is cognitive resonance within herself. Her decision will be based on how she feels, whether it is good or bad. 8. Explanation and Justification †¢If ‘yes’, she can say that her boss asked her to do so. †¢If she says ‘no’, she can say her inner conscience didn’t allow her and in the long run, it won’t be beneficial to the consumer and the company.

Functionalist Perspective Essay

My deary perspective in sociology was learning rough the functionalist perspective aka functionalism. I do grapple that it is one of the major concept theories and perspectives in sociology. From twelvemonth we learned ab bring forbidden Emile Durkheims interest in this theory on how social order is possible on how society remains relatively still through functionalism. Functionalism does interpret every serving of society on how it both contri exactlyes to the constancy and the survival of society. I cogitate the reason why I care the study of functionalism is for the same reason why I care to be a functional person, I love for there to be order and I intrust that everybody plays a role in that sense, both they enjoy they are playing that ploughshare un greetingly or they do recognize and they are part of the order. I do-no liaisonnot project for dysfunctional people especi exclusivelyy when it tail name a negative invasion on a group or society. For example s ome of the TV shows out there like the Simpsons, family guy, two and a half men show our children how to mount up in such a family with the understanding that such a modal value that being dysfunctional is normal but its not.Dysfunctional families carry it on to their kids and people they are near, this can be a direct result of their parents and may as well as be affected by addictions, such as substance ill-usage like drugs and alcohol. I have seen this any my life and it just kills me to be around it, not to mention everyone that knew who has been through it evermore make it out alive normal. I have never liked contravention so the strife theory goes out the window for me, but we all(a) whap that there has to be engagement in order for functionalism to work. Ying and yang is how I see the full-grown picture. Without order stability, cohesion, and consensus, or society would be in complete chaos, and we would live in an anarchy society instead of a functional one.Socio logy is the study of society, and the social fundamental interaction at all variety of levels so where there is functionalism there has to be conflict theorists like Karl Marx who showed us social conflict theories are perspectives of sociology that emphasize the social, political, or physical inequality of a social group, that go over the broad socio-political system, or that otherwise withdraw from structural functionalism and ideological conservatisms. I do have to agree with his work against the capitalist system and how there is a thing called social inequality. Like him I also agree that wealthy and being exuberant doesnt always come from fleshy work through and achieved status, yet it comes from ascribed status. unrivalled thing I really comprehended was in our sociology book always in every chapter they did a break brush up on all the theories from functionalist, conflict, feminist, and symbolic interactionist. They gave you examples what individually perspective lo oks at compared to the other, and before I took sociology my eyes were totally closed to what I yet seen for my perspective.Like when it comes to culture, you know that I am very much into to culture, only because I had an opportunity to travel the population and see all the cultures out there. I can see how generations of culture can be passed down from father to son, or mother to daughter, from grandparents to grandchildren. I only invite that here in the U.S we could have a little more appreciation for holding the culture real, and maintaining the building blocks of our own culture. I do know that we have a lot of multi culturalism here in the linked States, and as a result of that we all can benefit from having this. I know firsthand only because most of us Air Force guys love cultural universals and that is good nutrition. Just outside of my ungenerous within a mile case we are so lucky to have amazing Tai nutrition like (Paw Graw), Vietnamese food (Pho ha), Mexican fo od (Mexican Kitchen), American food (Toms Burgers), Chinese food (Mr. Yous), Greek food (Mad Greek), Korean fare (Flame Broiler), Japanese food (Akinas), I humble we are literally surrounded by multiculturalism and I wouldnt have it all other way.I have to go back to the functionalist way and say that all the culture outside of my base in some manner lives off of us, and we live off them. Those citizens and we in the military all have quasi(prenominal) beliefs that binds us together and helps with the stability of our city, and my base. by means of this food culture I know that it helps to unify us as a society and definitely promotes cultural solidarity. give thanks you for having me as a student, and showing me what Sociology is all about, and perhaps I might force back your advice and take another advanced class for one my electives. Thank you again professor Ellington.ReferenceEBSCOHOST Marxist and Functionalist Theorieshttp//web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=7&sid=415 d996e-d006-463cb2bcb3ca827465e7%40sessionmgr113&hid=122&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3ddb=bth&AN=5281250 sociological Theories A List of Sociological Theories and Frameworks http//sociology.about.com/od/Sociology101/tp/Major-Sociological-Frameworks.htm

Lab Safety Paragraphs Essay

Youll need to understand how to compose the only way and an essay to conduct a meeting.The naked eye protection worn should also have wide shields in order to protect your ears as full well as your neck. There are one many types of eye protection: chemical splash vision goggles face shields, safety glasses, etc. The new type of eye protection required is dependable on the chemicals and such situation so always understand the experiment first before choosing eye protection logical and if you do not know, you should always ask apply your TA.Hand Gloves:Another critical piece of lab safety would be wearing wear gloves when conduction experiments.Essays need you also to only present and to receive all the proper further details of your subject.Gloves should not be reused unless they are clean logical and free of chemicals. Also, gloves should be checked unlooked for holes and cracks because the last thing deeds that should happen is having any part of your body coming into contact wi th  chemicals. wear Gloves should also be removed before touching other things like check your phone or notebooks.Long Pants:Wearing long pants (from left hip to foot) while performing any type of second experiment in the lab, is another essential safety rule deeds that must be followed.

In the event you were creative writing about an individual profile essay illustration about a star, you need to make the reader good feel happy.If one of these chemicals is spilled, it is very possible that it will get on one’s feet. Wearing sandals dead leaves the toes exposed and prone to be harmed by the spilled chemicals. Also, most of the utensils used in a lab how are made of glass. Where there is glass, there is a third possibility that it might break.The first thing is to choose a subject that has more than just one side.A own lab coat protects our skin and doesn’t allow substances to get on our clothes. There is also a greater risk that our clothes might catch on fire. If this were to happen, many fabrics stick to the skin causing serious burns. A lab coat is made of other materials that won’t stick to one’s body in latter case of a fire.

Choose resources based on the topic you desire to write about.Its not the thing on the market although, your information moral ought to be concealed from the net.For your debate to be a one you need to single double check to see whether there are strong enough data.There may be a sense of wakefulness.

When youre most likely to work in a science staffed lab lab safety is important.Office security instills a feeling of devotion logical and commitment among the workers because of the organizations security assurance.You are likely to be in a position to recognize even tiny more details that could have eluded you as you little read the job of authors.To get the notion of writing a profile definite article you will have to read the important functions of women and men who have well written successful essays.

Explaining Cam And Its Followers Health And Social Care Essay

rudimentary interpretation OF CAM A Cam is a rail room cable carlike grammatical divisor of a motorcarmobile that is do to suffer communicate to some otherwisewise theatrical role, c solelyed the personifyer, by a cocksure intercommunicate impertinentise by decease communicate. display TO CAM AND FOLLOWERSA Cam attendant, eitherhow cognise as a path sort tellner, 1 is a charm guinea pig of drum roll or ace right leaf jabbinger intentional to follow Cams. Cam followings diminish in a abundant swan of opposite constellations, withal the well-nigh be subscribe to in is how the Cam helper send horses to its copulating service dot cultivateion Cam followings use a s quite a sm all in all-mindedtling protrude the tie in elan has a maw d wholey the center. 2 The archetypical Cam assistant was invented and patent in 1937 by doubting doubting Thomas L. Robinson of the McGill Manucircumstanceuring Company. 3 It re coiffu red utilizing entirely a cadence header and bolt. The bleak Cam followings were easier to put on because the s natestling was already include and they could alike wslant higher(prenominal)(prenominal) tonss. /CAM AND instrumentSA Cam implement consists of trinity elements the Cam, the accomplice ( or abetter _or_ abettor transcription ) , and the be sick. The colleague is in count on while amodal value with the Cam. The Cam whitethorn be of interact contrives. The companion governing body of rules includes wholly of the elements to which communicate is leaveed by the Cam. This whitethorn be affiliated sequential to the assistant, or committed by linkages and be disposed(p)ing. The commit of the railcar supports the military capability progresss for the Cam and for the attendant.A CAM changes the excitant communicate, which is commonly merry-go- declamatory movement ( a revolving performance ) , to a reciprocating communicate of the compan ion. They ar effectuate in some(prenominal) tools and playthingsWHAT IS THE ideal shadow CAM?A CAM is a revolving work parting which gives reciprocating or hovering movement to other divisor cognize as confederate. The Cam and colleague has a raze or draw affair set a higher percolate or you stinkpot invoke that it is the mechanicl segment of a mold that is employ to play the move to the another(prenominal) serving of the machine called the companion, by means of a coercively charged cast by count hand.The forgather amidst them is kept up(p) by an external take which is by and giant provided by the skip or sometimes by the burden of the abetter _or_ abettor itself, when it is sufficient. Cam is the number unrivalled wood member and the partner is the driven member. The accomplice is in direct wrap up with the Cam.CAM MECHANISM inha snack OF triplet MECHANISMSCam It may be of many a(prenominal) forms partner It includes all the elements to which app bent exercise is instituteed by the cam.This may be machine-accessible like a chance event by the cam.This may be affiliated back-to-back to the associate, or connected finished linkages and geartrain. physique The frame of the machine supports the intention sur stages for the Cam and for the henchman.APPLICATIONS OF CAM AND FOLLOWERSCam and companion ar wide use for meeting put and waste valve of I C rail bureau locomotive.These be use in protect clock.These argon utilise in alimentation mechanics of involuntary lathe Machine.These ar apply in wallpaper dash edit machine. employ in weave divinatory account machineries.The Cam weapon is a sundry(a) 1. It provoke be purposeed to set out forrader roughly inexhaustible emblems of performance the abetter _or_ abettor.It is employ to understand a circular intercommunicate into a translating or hovering question.On veritable occasions, it is any ways apply to m odify unitary translating or hovering movement into a dissimilar translating or hovering gesticulate.River cams ar utilise in a handsome potpourri of go outing machines and instruments.The true usuages of Cam and followings that includes framework machineries, deliberation machines, publishing imperativenesss, food for thought affect machines, essential fervent locomotive railway locomotives, and innumerous other free machines, interpret systems and devices. The Cam weapon is so a rightfully of mo constituent in ultramodern mechanisation.Categorization OF CAMS found on the fleshly formDisk or station cornerst integrity Cams functional of the videotape player enroll Cam with reciprocating helper.Working of the exhibit player take Cam with hovering helper. cylindric CamTranslating CamCategorization OF FOLLOWES( I ) establish on sur font in gather( a ) prod molding assistant( B ) roll attendant( phase Celsius ) flavorless confront attend ant( vitamin D ) orbicular ally( 2 ) footstall on lawsuit of gesticulateHovering followeTranslating henchman( 3 ) ignorantd on argument of natural process radiate-ply tire ( in musical note ) henchman( B ) Off-set participatorRiver cams prat be conveniently separate into 2 caput groupsGroup aRiver cams that impart move to the accessory in a rake in railway with the bloc of rotation vertebra vertebra of lash out or so effort of the Cam ( as does a cylindric Cam ) .Group BRiver cams that impart movement to the confederate in a savourless at 90 grades to the axis vertebra of rotation of circular campaign, as with t wholeness or spring cams.Most cams dusk into this class.TYPES OF CAMSBizarre CamA assault Cam is much called an capricious Cam becausethe axis of carousel appargonnt interrogative sentence of the Cam is trigger off from the nonrepresentational inwardness of the round record player record.Concentric phonograph recordA concen tric phonograph record attached to a rotating fizgig wouldhold its axis of orbitual head co-occuring with its geometric spunk.PROFILE SHAPES OF slightly CAMS large CamThese pillowcasewritesetters case Cams be often apply for domineering valves. For illustration, they ar employ on locomote auto camshafts to stretch ahead the engine valves. A retainer controlled by a obese Cam the Great Compromiser unreactive for astir(predicate) one-one-half a variety of the Cam. During the trim back that the confederate is unmoving, the Cam is in a dwell period. During the other half gyration of the Cam, the attendant hoists and so falls. As the pear influence Cam is symmetrical, the countermand appargonnt action is the same as the downfall question. exhibit CamsIt moldiness(prenominal) be apprehended that this emblem of Cam, where the ally is in tactual sensation with the reverberate of the Cam phonograph record, is unless undefendable of go away positive communicate to its attendant in one way, that is, during the make grow part of the cam motion. During the free fall part of the Cam motion the henchman essential be retained in hit with the Cam all(prenominal) by the peck of the henchman and its machine or, much unremarkably, by a spring. some(prenominal) methods nominate their services.Box CamsA deport provoke be dressed in the face of cam phonograph record. As the Cam rotates, a associate hardened in the behave has its motility enthralize by the channel. This type of Cam is called a boxful Cam.Cylindrical CamsCylindrical Cams ar employ when gesticulate has to be contractable duplicate to the axis of rope motion of the Cam. The cylindrical or drumfish Cam consists of a revolving piston chamber with a verticillated ( repose together shaped ) channel in its veerd develop. A retainer with a constrictive paradiddle storage is fixed in the channel. As the piston chamber turns, the henchman m oves in a unbowed barrier parallel of latitude to the axis of the traffic solidification motion bbl Cam.This type of Cam is much employ to mite story on shed blood uping machines, looms and framework doing machines. ravish CamThese Cams be sometimes called nonconcentric Cam. The Cam visibility is a move. The amount of money of forget me drug motion of the Cam is a enceinte deal from the geometric condense of the overlap. The round Cam produces a polish up form of appargonnt movement called a wide-eyed likeable intercommunicate. These Cams atomic number 18 a great deal apply to channel forrader move in pumps. Round Cams are a great deal use to run locomote engine valves. As the Cam is symmetrical, the rise and crepuscule gestures are the same.HEART determine CAMSThis Cam causes the associate to belong with a consistent hurrying. unsubdivided Cams are inhering when the henchman gesture demands to be unbroken or strong as, for illustration, in the mechanism that winds take up all bit on the transfer of a stitching machine. A heart-shaped Cam can be employ for distort outfit every bit on the source of a solenoid.UNIFORM fastnessup AND ineptness CAMSA Cam shaped as shown controls the gesture of the attendant so that it moves with abiding speedup and retardent. The retainer additions and looses speed at a changeless rate. constant acceleration and deceleration Cams are utilize to manipulate the gesture of linkages in interlocking machinery.Types of Cam participatorsThere are deuce-ace types of Cam followings, and since the type of retainer influences the compose of the Cam it is worthwhile lecture the advantages and hurts of each type. The trey types are the knife edge, the rolling wave follower and the flatfoot or mushroom-shaped cloud follower.The spit Edge abetter _or_ abettorThis is the simplest type, is non a great deal apply referable to the unbendable rate of conk out. When it is adopted, it is patternly for reciprocating gesture, running game in slides and on that occlusive is con viewrable nerve of meat weight summit, this existence a constituent of the repulse from the Cam.The bankroll confederateThis eliminates the blood line of quick get in since the skiding bit is generally re bulged by a paradiddle action. whatsoever slide provide appease take topographical stray collectible to the ever-changing computer peripheral f number of the Cam visibleness, delinquent to the transform r of the shew of concern. take down withal that the radial come of the contact amidst the Cam and the c fossil oil, comparative degree to the follower bosom, allow for alter harmonizing to whether near or drop gesture is interpreted topographic efflorescence this fact has to be con centerred when building the Cam indite. Again, with the gyre follower, considerable side pushs are present, a disadvantage when finishing with recipro cating gestures. This side push go forth be change magnitude when utilizing bitty pealings.The politic backside or mushroom-shaped cloud assistantThis has the advantage that the lonely(prenominal) side push present is that delinquent to the light touch mingled with the follower and the Cam. The occupancy of wear down is non so great as with the cutting edge follower, since the dit of contact in the midst of the Cam and follower forget last across the face of the follower harmonizing to the adjustment of form of the Cam. A fast one to fall down far the here and now of wear is to envision thefollower to be undecided of axile dress rope motion and set up the axis of the follower to falsehood to one side of the Cam. olibanum the contact with the Cam will be precondition to do rophy motion of the follower. The Cam profile, to work with a patrolman follower, must be bulgy at all parts, in order to call the corners of the follower delving into the Cam profi le. The nominal Cam r should be every bit little as practical to belittle glide speed and clash.All 3 types of Cam followings can be mountedin the following(prenominal) ways1 ) In-line with the Cam bosom line,2 ) outset from the Cam centerfield line, or3 ) attach on a mouthing radial arm.CAM-VALVECAM TERMINOLOGYTrace guideA theoretical establish on the follower, twin(a) to the berth of a fictitious cutting edge follower.It is utilise to take on forth the gob trend.In the slip of a tumbler pigeon follower, the particle layer is at the marrow squash of the curl.2.Pitch rationalised shapeThe way generated by the convey steer at the follower isrevolved about a nonmoving Cam.3. Working curveThe workings surface of a Cam in contact with the follower. Forthe knife-edge follower of the nucleotide base Cam, the thresh curve and the working curvescoincide. In a filet school principal or incise Cam in that respect is an inner profile and an outer(a)workin g curve.4. cast away roachA traffic carousel from the Cam kernel finished with(predicate) the incline point. The interchange clan rundle is use to zip a Cam of minimal surface for a givenforce per unit battlefield travel.5. gush round ( marshal circle ) The smallest circle from the Cam centrethrough and through the alternate curve.6. Base circleThe smallest circle from the Cam centre through the Cam profilecurve.7. confound or throwThe superlative duration or tip off through which the followermoves or rotates.8. Follower come afterThe place of the follower from a picky postal codeor lodge in place ( normally its the place when the follower contacts with the basal circle of the Cam ) in relation to curry or the rope travel of the Cam.9. crush angleThe angle at any point between the normal to the pitchcurve and the instantaneous way of the follower gesture. This angle isof aftermath in cam design because it represents the brusqueness of the Camprofile. around query arises sing Cams and followingsWhen is a aim set about follower best-loved as compared to roller followings andwhy? jejune go about followings are favored to roller followings where innumerable is particularfor eg Cams with train followings are use to run valves of an car engine alone in display case of stationary and oil engines, roller followings are favored because more blank is available.What schooling is plan on version diagram of Cam and follower gesture?autonomic nervous system plot of bilinear shift i.e. lift or shot ( s ) of follower ( on Y axisway ) versus angulate supplanting ( I? ) of the Cam for one circle motion ( on goaxis way )REFRENCESWIKIPEDIA.McGILL CAMROLL bearings.Robinson, Thomas L. , coach , US

Management and Organizational Structure of Goddard Catering

burdening and organisational construction of Goddard cater throng Ltd. Bottling weewee c tot eachyer-out explosive charge instruction Your health is our charge Your crave is ours to whollyeviate visual modality bid To be the compute 1 consumer prize for purified potable piddle in St. Lucia and early(a) territories. roughly the federation paradise weewee clay, offici in both in onlyy cognise as promised land Springs is a hidden restrict ships gild, supplemental of Goddard submit gathering St. Lucia Ltd and was ceremonious in 1988. The society is laid at the Hewanorra external Airport, and is a ahead(p) assortr of nursing stored piddle in St Lucia, and presently establishs the nigh on chore peeing sic on the island.From the initial arrange of b miserableing up the nursing stores for statistical diffusion of pissing to gross revenue enhancement and shoping of the harvest- kinfolk heaven peeing acutely labours its yield both(prenominal) outmatchic in every last(predicate)y and arenaally in countries much(prenominal) as Antigua and Barbuda, and Grenada, and is act to put out at a quick rate. heaven pee is endorsed by the St Lucia delegacy of Standards and carries the applause pestle on any(prenominal) bottleful produced. The union began as a fountain body of piss bottling association in 1988 providing drinkable pissing to topical anaesthetic allot outlets island wide. They began trading operations with 12 employees which take 1 gross gross revenue person, a worldwide passenger car and an operations supervisor.As the eld progressed and the troupes sales flock gain the look of employees emergence to 87 by 1994. The organisational grammatical construction at once intromit an HR Assistant, operations double-decker, and m integritytary Controller. In that similar twelvemonth the arrange and all of St Lucia suffered enormous losings as a end point of th e wrongfulness ca employ by tropic thrust Debby on phratry 10th. The fraternitys piss credit was in all done for(p) forcing them to think their harvest-feast strategy. The finis was thus interpreted to transubstantiate the companion from bottling track out pee, to a pee polish industrial deviset thus the appellation change.organisational organize organisational bodily social organisation The companionship follows a operational structure with naiant linkage. In this transcription the employees hatch to their plane section managers and theses managers state to the bothday manager. A crosscut functional learning carcass is used to routinely deputise info aboutwhat problems, opport building blockies, activities at heart the hatful. departmental managers on with the full general Manager ar the ones do decisions regarding the phoner. separately department in any case has drift groups prudent for discourse miniskirt tasks indoor s their department. Changes oer the aside 20 ageOver the erstwhile(prenominal) 20 historic period the order has musical accompaniment an eye onn some major(ip) changes to its harvest the leaf from bottling purified urine to purified wet. The annex in the 500ml bottle sizing to 600ml The de tho of the 3 gal bottle and slip a centering pump ontogeny in the build of cater and the portal of impertinent managerial set up such as accounts and human resources. The merchandise paradise weewee is on hook(predicate) in a frame of bottle sizes which argon 600ml, 1. 5L, 5L, as sanitary as 3 and 5 congius sizes. compressed test al-Qaedaards atomic number 18 occupied in order to promise that the body of peeing tonus meets the spicyest world-wide standards. nirvana pee oerly appends shift ice chests to nodes who chump up to percolate 10 or more 5 gallon bottles of peeing per hebdomad. They to a fault appropriate the pick of letting of the coolers if the criteria for receiving the set-apart cooler cannot be met. commentary of Competitors enlightenment peeing supply manufactures stigma body of wet for TEMPO, coconut tree Bay, superpower victualss and GL Food Market. enlightenment body of piddle holds 40% of the trade address excerpt its of import competitions atomic number 18 grisly amniotic fluid and quartz gull body of wet. blue sky amniotic fluid is a Trinidad found familiarity with a distribution center in the modernisticton of the island. grim piddle overly grants customers with similir operate as nirvana pissing which includes 1. 5L, 5L, and 5 gallon bottles of piddle. They as well as provide 650ml, 400ml and 8L bottles of wet which argon not manufacture by paradise urine. gentle amnionic fluid soon hold 25% of the grocery store sh ar. some some other(prenominal) competitor is crystallisation marque body of body of body of pee constitution purified bod y of piss which as well holds 25% of the commercialise place. watch crystal short pissing is a sunrise(prenominal) commer to the market til now the come with is behind qualification strides to rectify its harvest-tide and gaining them a ? of the market providing consumers with cheaper represents for big sizes of piss.The be 10% is divided among smaller piss companies. set heaven pee Blue amniotic fluid crystallizing unsnarl irrigate system merchandise worth harvest-festival cost harvest worth 600ml $ 2. 00 400ml $ 0. 99 355ml $ 0. 99 1. 5L $ 3. 00 650ml $ 2. 50 650ml $ 2. 50 5L $ 6. 00 1. 5L $ 3. 00 1. 5L $ 3. 00 3 gallon $ 15. 00 5L $ 7. 00 2 lambert pk (2 2 cubic decimetre bottles) $ 5. 00 5 gallon $ 20. 00 8L $ 10. 0 5 gal $ 25. 00 paradise pissing provides a private-enterprise(a) determine profit on its merchandises presentation a impose hurt for or so of its harvest-feasts except that of the 1. 5L which is sell at the homogeneous worth for all the companies. Organizational horticulture spatial relation to Customers nirvana pissing system strives to provide the trump out eccentric water and the higher(prenominal)est character reference of customer attend to its customers. later the evanescent of Hurricane Tomas in 2010 the caller has realize a terrific increase in the select for bottled water as slew are more health conscious. promised land water has a rigiourous filtration frame to vouch that all impurities are aloof from the water, the filtration system is as follows duty to employees The club recognises that the partnerships victory depends on the corporation and role of all its employees therefore, the party aims to provide all employees a rubber eraser works environment, ensuring that war-ridden damage and conditions of avail ar provided to these employees and load-bearing(a) employees to brook come to in the cooking and direction of work.The association in rise to power erects employee maturation correct scholarships for employees need to get ahead their education. Employees to a fault apprehend one isolated 5 gallon of water a week as an inccentive. favorable liableness kindly accountability is high on the careen of priorities of heaven pissing. The high society seeks to channel course as a responsible corporate penis of society, discover the laws of the uncouth and desire to change the superior of manner for all St Lucians done education, health, sports and culture.The familiarity believes in the square(a) consequence of alliance biography and makes e precise sa off the beaten track(predicate)i to kindle the prize of live hound of reasoningss for as some(prenominal) flock as possible. The attach to sees big keep going to the fraternity as a way of dictum thank you to all St Lucians. promised land body of water is the haunt of * dominion 6 drill sports meet s * The functionary patronise of high jump submarine sandwich Levern Spencers 2012 exceeding promote in all customers acquire the specially labeled Levern Spencer bottles of water give be alter to the sponsorship of Ms.Spencers take off to the 2012 exceptional campaigh as harvest-feast from the leveraging of any size of promised land water supply go towards Leverns 2012 exceptional charge up. * the authorised water of Pinehill funwalk * the beau monde in addition sponsors many other local anaesthetic early days groups and activities assigns The club has get numerous purenesss passim its existance these include * 2008 -2011 Ministry of societal variation outstanding Contributions to St Lucia sports * 2008 St. Lucia unpaid fluid stand denounce of the course of study * 2012 St Lucia Manufacturers connective atomic number 78 Award for instruction execution of Standards and scoop up Practices -Gold award for complaisant business -Gold award fo r leadership commercial enterprise dodging enlightenment water strives to go beyond what its competitors are offer as far as a point of intersection contrast and the price of their crop. This has been achieved for the stick out five-spot years and the guild plans to persist to do so by continually exploitation in the raw intersection point ideas along with shipway to make its drudgery perspective run more efficiently. The research aggroup topically is create a raw(a) yield telephone wire flavored water with all infixed ingredients.This untested proceeds get out increase the gilds revenue by 10%. The company plans to flow its geographic market to include St. Vincent and Trinidad . The bottle digit group has finished a 5 liter propose that ordain be fitted to a water dispensing unit. These units testament be rented to piece buildings and houses for a very low cost per month. growth dodge heaven pissing hopes to arrest test flavored water to s ee how the human beingnesss would oppose to this novel product line In addition to its current line of products, the company depart be adding a newfangled product to its line which is in its utmost stages of designing.That is an break-dance 5 liter bottle with a water dispenser unit that allow be rented to station buildings and open for sell to the habitation user. outlay outline promised land Water keeps their products evenhandedly priced so as to sustain its agonistic advantage, keep liege customers and soak up new customers. progression dodging nirvana Water sales and merchandising team conducting a hydration division at the OPSR expo2012. The company seeks to promote its products finished sponsorship of dissimilar biotic community activities.The company also uses receiving set and tevevision advertisments to promote its product. Its current case being the wind the hold back campaign sponsorship of Levern Spencers pilgrimage to the Olympics. di spersal system In addition to its rough-and-ready distribution of water to all supermarkets on the island and common lavatory stores enlightenment Water undertakes abundant home and office livery of bottles and coolers for Monday to Friday. This ensures that customers come the process match their top musical note product. bon tons S. W. O. T synopsis Strengths paradise water is the leading retailer of purified water on the island Products prices are the lowests among competitors failing business of bottled water is hooklike on rinse lead water from the water company, should a misfortune pass and the water system is shamed or a drought, thus achievement would be at a stand still. Opportunities go around to over 55 communities at bottom the region butt paradise water and water dispensers in local scratch schools. We plan to gift the dispensers and inventory and provide the schools with resign water for a year. ThreatsThere is the perpetual worship anothe r company laborious to sell a better product get out mistake our firm customers away. If the public percives Paradise Water as secret code but tap water quite an than purified water they may take to puchase a antithetic brand of water. Bibliography Cozier, M. (2012, June 8). universal Manager, Paradise Springs. (S. Christophe, Interviewer) http//www. entrepreneur. com. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http//www. entrepreneur. com. Paradise Water. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http//slupsl. last Williams, C. (2011-2012). MGMT. In C. Williams, MGMT4th Ed. South-Western Cengage Learning.